Non small cell lung cancer: treatment

Non small cell lung cancer

Lung cancer takes 1st place in mortality from cancer (in both men and women). Each year from lung cancer, for example in the United States 179,000 people die. One of the main factors are at risk of lung cancer - is smoking. We are actively conducting research that will help to evaluate the role of nutrition and genetic factors of the disease. Smoking, both active and passive accounts for up to 90% of lung cancer cases, and the risk of death from the disease in smokers is 22 times higher compared to non-smokers. Also, exposure to asbestos causes malignant tumor of any body exposure to ionizing radiation and the effects of organic and inorganic carcinogens.

Treatment of lung cancer
For non-small cell lung cancer (HMPJI) is characterized by numerous violations at the molecular genetic level, it affects the cell cycle and apoptosis. Significant role in tumor transformation and proliferation plays meraznaya-body activity, expression of receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity (EGRF, HER2/neu and PDGFR), as well as angiogenesis factors, in particular vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Typical for NSCLC molecular genetic disorders related mutation or overexpression of oncogenes ras, c-erbB-2, bcl-2 and myc, and the loss of gene activity, tumor suppressor p53, RB and p16. More than 80% of lung cancer cases are NSCLC (by histological structure - adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma). 
Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma is a form of low-grade adenocarcinoma, characterized by greater survival. Historically, squamous cell carcinoma was most of NSCLC cases, but in the last 35 years, adenocarcinoma has met 2 times more common than squamous cell carcinoma, which may be due to changes in the composition of cigarettes. It is believed that the increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma is mainly due to an increase in the incidence of bronchioloalveolar cancer or tumors of similar histological structure.

Clinical manifestations lung cancer

The majority of patients when they are diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer - already have symptoms.
The symptoms of lung cancer are very diverse, depending on the location and size of the tumor, and the availability and location of metastases.

Typical symptoms of non-small cell lung cancer:

• growth of primary tumor
• cough
• dyspnea
• hemoptysis
• chest pain

In the propagation of non-small cell lung cancer on the chest wall can be observed pleural and pericardial effusion, hoarseness, brachial plexopathy, Horner's syndrome and superior vena cava syndrome. In the case of dissemination of tumors observed weight loss, neurological disorders, and pain in the bones. Although paraneoplastic syndromes are more common in small cell lung cancer in non-small cell lung cancer can be observed paraneoplastic hypercalcemia, and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy.

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